Dermatology Guide

Common skin condition causing pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads, typically on face, chest, and back. Often triggered by hormones, bacteria, and excess oil production.

Chronic inflammatory condition causing dry, itchy, red patches of skin. Common in children but can affect adults. Often associated with allergies and asthma.

Autoimmune condition causing rapid skin cell buildup, resulting in thick, scaly, red patches. Can affect joints (psoriatic arthritis) and nails.

Chronic facial redness, visible blood vessels, and sometimes acne-like bumps. Triggers include sun, stress, alcohol, and spicy foods.

Skin inflammation from direct contact with irritants or allergens like soaps, cosmetics, jewelry, or plants. Causes redness, itching, and sometimes blisters.

Scaly, flaky, itchy red skin affecting oily areas like scalp, face, and chest. Common cause of dandruff and cradle cap in infants.

Raised, itchy welts on skin that appear suddenly. Can be triggered by allergies, medications, stress, or infections. Usually resolve within 24 hours.

Abnormal growth of skin cells, most often on sun-exposed areas. Three main types: basal cell, squamous cell, and melanoma. Early detection is crucial.

Most dangerous type of skin cancer. Develops in melanocytes (pigment cells). Look for asymmetric, irregular, multi-colored, or changing moles.

Most common skin cancer. Slow-growing, rarely spreads. Appears as pearly bump, pink patch, or sore that won't heal on sun-exposed skin.

Second most common skin cancer. Can spread if untreated. Appears as scaly red patch, open sore, or wart-like growth on sun-exposed areas.

Small, rough growths caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Common on hands and feet. Usually harmless but can be contagious and uncomfortable.

Common skin growths made of pigment cells. Usually brown or black. Most are harmless, but changes in size, shape, or color warrant evaluation.

Small, soft, benign skin growths that hang off the skin. Common in skin folds like neck, armpits, and groin. More common with age and weight gain.

Flat, brown spots on sun-exposed skin, common after age 50. Caused by years of sun exposure. Harmless but can be cosmetically concerning.

Autoimmune condition causing loss of skin pigment, resulting in white patches. Can affect any area but commonly face, hands, and skin folds.

Brown or gray-brown patches on face, often triggered by hormones, sun exposure, or pregnancy. More common in women and darker skin tones.

Darkening of skin due to excess melanin production. Can result from sun damage, inflammation, hormones, or injury. Includes age spots and melasma.

Infections caused by fungi affecting skin, nails, or hair. Include ringworm, athlete's foot, and yeast infections. Thrive in warm, moist environments.

Contagious fungal infection causing circular, red, scaly patches with clear centers. Despite the name, not caused by worms. Can affect body, scalp, or groin.

Fungal infection of feet causing itching, burning, cracking, and peeling between toes. Spreads in warm, moist environments like locker rooms.

Fungal infection of toenails or fingernails causing thickening, discoloration, and brittleness. Difficult to treat and often requires prolonged therapy.

Skin infections caused by bacteria like staph or strep. Include cellulitis, impetigo, and folliculitis. Require antibiotic treatment.

Bacterial infection of deeper skin layers causing redness, swelling, warmth, and pain. Can spread rapidly and requires prompt antibiotic treatment.

Highly contagious bacterial infection common in children. Causes red sores that rupture, ooze, and form honey-colored crusts, usually around nose and mouth.

Inflammation of hair follicles causing small red bumps or white-headed pimples. Can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or irritation from shaving.

Painful, pus-filled bumps under skin caused by infected hair follicles. Usually caused by staph bacteria. Can grow large and require drainage.

Painful rash caused by reactivation of chickenpox virus. Appears as stripe of blisters on one side of body. Can cause long-lasting nerve pain.

Fluid-filled blisters around mouth caused by herpes simplex virus. Contagious and recurrent. Triggered by stress, illness, or sun exposure.

Viral infection causing painful blisters on mouth (oral) or genitals (genital). Highly contagious during outbreaks. Lifelong infection with periodic recurrences.

Intensely itchy skin infestation caused by tiny mites burrowing into skin. Highly contagious through close contact. Causes rash and burrow tracks.

Itchy, red welts in lines or clusters from bed bug feeding. Often on exposed skin during sleep. Bites themselves don't transmit disease.

Allergic skin reaction to urushiol oil from these plants. Causes intensely itchy, red, blistering rash in streaks or patches where plant touched skin.

Skin damage from excessive UV radiation causing redness, pain, and sometimes blistering. Increases skin cancer risk. Prevention is key.

Rough, flaky, itchy skin from lack of moisture. Common in winter, with age, or from harsh soaps. Can crack and become painful if severe.

Harmless condition causing small, rough bumps on arms, thighs, or cheeks. Results from keratin buildup in hair follicles. Often called chicken skin.

Flaking of scalp skin, often with itching. Can be caused by dry skin, seborrheic dermatitis, or fungal overgrowth. Usually manageable with special shampoos.

Thinning or loss of hair from scalp or body. Can be temporary or permanent. Causes include genetics, hormones, medications, stress, or medical conditions.

Autoimmune condition causing sudden, patchy hair loss. Hair usually regrows but can recur. Can progress to total scalp or body hair loss.

Hairs that curl back and grow into skin, causing red, painful bumps. Common after shaving, waxing, or tweezing, especially in curly hair.

Skin irritation from shaving causing redness, burning, and sometimes small bumps. Results from dull blades, dry shaving, or sensitive skin.

Streaky scars from rapid skin stretching during pregnancy, growth spurts, or weight changes. Start red/purple, fade to white over time.

Permanent marks left after skin injury heals. Appearance varies by injury type, location, and healing process. Can be flat, raised, or depressed.

Raised, thick scars that grow beyond original wound boundaries. More common in darker skin tones and certain body areas like chest and shoulders.

Closed sacs under skin filled with fluid, pus, or other material. Usually benign. Can become infected or inflamed. May require drainage or removal.

Soft, movable, benign fatty lumps under skin. Usually painless and slow-growing. Common in middle age. Removal only needed if bothersome.

Benign tumors made of blood vessels, often appearing as red birthmarks. Common in infants. Most shrink and fade without treatment by age 10.

Changes in skin color, texture, or appearance. Can be caused by infections, allergies, heat, autoimmune conditions, or irritants. Vary widely in appearance.

Harmless rash starting with single large patch, followed by smaller patches in Christmas tree pattern. Usually resolves in 6-8 weeks without treatment.

Inflammatory condition causing purplish, itchy, flat-topped bumps on skin, or white patches in mouth. Can affect skin, nails, scalp, and mucous membranes.